Tansir Zaman Asik1*, Md. Ashiqur Rahman2, Md. Atiqur Rahman1, Md. Abu Zafor1
Keywords: Planform, Erosion, Accretion, Landsat images, GIS
Abstract: The Ganges is one of the major rivers in the world. This South-Asian river reinforces the life and livelihood of thousands of people of Bangladesh and India. There are several names of this system throughout its length. The channel is named the Padma from the Ganges-Brahmaputra confluence near Aricha Ghat up to the Meghna-Dakatia-Padma confluence near Chandpur town. This river system has already faced lots of anthropogenic activities that resulted in environmental, ecological, and social imbalance and this adverse impact will be increased in the near future due to socio-economic and climate change and the rapidly increasing population in the riparian regions. The construction of the Farakka barrage just upstream of the India-Bangladesh border has already been affected adversely to the downstream reach in Bangladesh. The planform shifting of the Padma reach was identified during the period of 28 years (1991-2018) using Landsat images and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques in nine timelines with an average duration of 3 years each. The total eroded and accreted area, surface area and mean channel width were determined by using GIS. The channel planform analysis identified that the Padma experienced readjustments of the bank lines and behaved relatively straight within the study period. The lost and gained land area was 162 km2 and 154 km2 respectively, proving that the total erosion and accretion were almost counterbalanced over that 28 years period.
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